The article explores prostitution as a complex social and victimological phenomenon that is acquiring new forms in the context of martial law in Ukraine. Since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, the risks of sexual exploitation, human trafficking, and the involvement of socially vulnerable populations in prostitution have significantly increased. Particular attention is paid to the victimological approach, which allows for viewing individuals involved in prostitution not merely as offenders, but primarily as victims of circumstances, social violence, poverty, loss of housing, and lack of social support.

The study analyzes the main factors contributing to victimization: economic dependence, internal displacement, domestic violence, loss of social ties, psychological trauma, and the influence of organized crime. New trends are identified, including the growth of online prostitution, increased demand in frontline regions, involvement of minors, and reduced effectiveness of law enforcement response. The conclusions justify the need for legislative changes, formal recognition of the victim status of such individuals, creation of a comprehensive social protection system, reintegration programs, and interagency cooperation.

The author’s proposes several recommendations aimed at improving state policy to combat sexual exploitation during armed conflict. It is emphasized that prostitution in wartime should be viewed not only through the lens of criminal law, but also as a consequence of systemic vulnerabilities and a failure of state protective mechanisms.

Key words: victimology, victim, prostitution, sexual services, criminal offense, martial law, criminality.

References

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